内容提要：

This talk by Professor Ronald Schleifer grows out of his work, Literature and Medicine (written with Jerry Vannatta, MD [2019]) and Literary Studies and Well-Being: Structures of Experience in the Worldly Work of Literature and Healthcare [2023], which is an open-access book available from Bloomsbury). In this presentation, Schleifer examines what he and Dr. Vannatta call “the complexity of clinical medicine” in dialogue with video testimonials from Dr. John Stone (cardiology), Dr. Abraham Verghese (internal medicine), and Dr. Rita Charon (internal medicine), and Dr. Vannatta himself; and then, following the work of the nineteenth-century philosopher, logician, and polymath, Charles Sanders Peirce, he examines the relationship between health and a sense of wholeness. Peirce argues that deduction and induction, two forms of inferential thinking, focus, respectively, on abstract “definitional” facts and empirical matters-of-fact, while a third form of inference, which Peirce calls “abduction” or “hypothesis formation,” deals not with facts but with qualities. Strategies to recognize and respond to qualities in our thinking, Schleifer suggests, help us to apprehend wholeness in our clients and our work as doctors and teachers. Induction, he argues, classifies, while hypothesis explains. The distinction between classification and explanation can help us understand – and teach – medical diagnosis in a systematic fashion. The framework for the presentation is the nature of intellectual disciplines – the predictability inherent in the nomological (“law like”) sciences (e.g., mathematical physics and chemistry), the classification inherent in the social sciences (e.g., sociology or epidemiology), and the qualitative explanation inherent in the human sciences (e.g., the humanities). All three of these disciplinary approaches to the world are necessary for the complexity of clinical medicine, and together – Schleifer argues – they realize “practical reasoning” in the clinic (“practical reasoning” is a translation of Aristotle’s classical conception of phronesis). In so doing, the presentation examines the ways in which inferential thinking in the clinic engages “law-like” knowledge, social understanding, and emotion and empathy.

Ronald Schleifer教授的这次演讲源于他的作品《文学与医学》和《文学研究与幸福:文学和医疗保健的世俗工作中的经验结构》，这是 Bloomsbury出版社出版的一本开放获取的书。在演讲中，Schleifer通过John Stone博士、Abraham Verghese博士、Rita Charon博士和Vannatta博士的视频见证，探讨了所谓的“临床医学复杂性”。随后，他借鉴19世纪哲学家Charles Sanders Peirce的著作，研究了健康感和整体感之间的关系。Ronald认为识别和回应我们思维方式对于理解客户整体性以及我们作为医生和教师工作非常有帮助。他指出归纳是分类而假设是解释，并将这两种推理形式运用到医学诊断上。展示框架揭示了法理科学（如数学、物理和化学）固有可预测性、社会科学（如社会或流行病）固有分类以及人文科学固有定性解释等三种不同领域对于临床医药复杂性都是必要的。Ronald认为它们共同实现了“实践推理”概念在临床中的应用，并展示了在此过程中类似法律知识、社会理解、情感以及同情心等因素在临床推理思维中扮演着重要角色。

讲者简介：

Ronald Schleifer has taught at the University of Oklahoma since 1975. He was appointed Adjunct Professor in the College of Medicine in 2000 and George Lynn Cross Distinguished Research Professor of English in 2001. His research and teaching focus on 20th century literature and culture (“modernism”), linguistics and semiotics (the formal study of meaning), and the health humanities (how engagement with literature improves healthcare). Bringing together literature, language, and clinical medicine – focusing on “narrative knowledge” in clinical interactions – his work, in collaboration with Dr. Jerry Vannatta former Dean of the OU College of Medicine, has helped transform healthcare education at OU. His books in the health humanities include:

Literary Studies and Well-Being: Structures of Experience in the Worldly Work of Literature and Healthcare, Bloomsbury 2023, an open access book;

Literature and Medicine: A Practical and Pedagogical Guide written with Dr. Jerry Vannatta, Palgrave Macmillan 2019;

Pain and Suffering, Routledge 2014, Chinese translation 2017;

The Chief Concern of Medicine: The Integration of the Medical Humanities and Narrative Knowledge into Medical Practices written with Dr. Jerry Vannatta, 2013;

Intangible Materialism: The Body, Scientific Knowledge, and the Power of Language, University of Minnesota Press, 2009;

Medicine and Humanistic Understanding: The Significance of Narrative in Medical Practices, written with Sheila Crow and Jerry Vannatta, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005: a DVD-ROM publication.

He has also published：

“Practical Reasoning: How the Experience of the Humanities can Help Train Doctors,” chapbook series, The Pragmatics of Art, number 2, Jen Webb, series editor; published by The Centre for Creative and Cultural Research, Canberra University, 2017; and recently

“Burnout, Resiliency, and the Duty to Do No Harm: The Role of Moral Injury in our Professional Epidemic” (co-authors Edgar LeClaire MD MS, Aneesh Pakala MD, Dee Wu PhD, Gideon Hallum, and Sara Vesely, PhD), The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association 116, no. 6 (Nov-Dec 2023): 220-25.

He is also author of a series of books on “the culture of modernism” published by Cambridge University Press: Modernism and Time: The Logic of Abundance in Literature, Science, and Culture, 1880-1930 (2000), Modernism and Popular Music (2011), and A Political Economy of Modernism: Literature, Post-Classical Economics, and the Lower Middle-Class (2018).He is Series Co-Editor, Humanities and Healthcare: Practical and Pedagogical Guides, published by Palgrave-Macmillan, 2022.

Ronald Schleifer教授自1975年以来一直在俄克拉荷马大学任教。他于2000年被任命为医学院兼职教授，2001年被任命为George Lynn Cross杰出研究英语教授。他的研究和教学重点是20世纪文学和文化，语言学和符号学以及医学人文学科。他将文学、语言和临床医学结合在一起，专注于临床互动中的“叙事知识”，他与俄克拉荷马大学医学院前院长Jerry Vannatta博士合作，帮助改变了俄克拉荷马大学的医疗保健教育。他在医学人文学科方面的著作包括:《文学研究与幸福:文学和医疗保健的世俗工作中的经验结构》《痛苦与苦难》《无形物质主义:身体、科学知识和语言的力量》《医学与人文理解:医学实践中叙事的意义》《实践推理:人文学科的经验如何帮助培养医生》等。

(医学人文学院）

预告|【北大医学人文讲堂 124 期】Interdisciplinarity and the Health Humanities: Inferential Thinking in the Human Sciences and in the Clinic

内容提要：

讲者简介：